Production RegionsPrimarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Yunnan.
Macroscopic FeaturesThree-edged shape, similar to an orange segment. Externally grayish-black (Black qianniuzi) or pale yellowish-white (White qianniuzi). Seed coat is firm and pliable, back surface has one longitudinal groove. Acrid and bitter taste, numbing to the tongue.
Quality RequirementsSuperior medicinal material consists of full kernels.
PropertiesBitter, cold, toxic
FunctionsDrains water, frees stools, eliminates phlegm, clears fluid, kills worms, attacks stagnation. Apply to edema and fullness, fecal and urinary stoppage, inverse qi and panting, worm stagnation and abdominal pain, ascariasis, taeniasis.
Processed FormFried qianniuzi: Fry the clea qianniuzi in reheat-pots, with slow fire, till produce explosive sound, slightly raised up, darken the color, slightly with aromatic smells, fractured surface turned yellow, take out and cool. Pound to pieces when using.
OriginThe dried mature seed of Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy.(Convolvulaceae)