Production RegionsPrimarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan.
Macroscopic FeaturesOblate cylindrical shape, flat and straight, rarely curved, 1~6cm diameter, 4.5~12cm long. Externally yellowish-brown, seldom grayish-brown, relatively flat; few circular knots indistinctly raised. Stem scars are half-spherical or flat oval, irregular arranged; surface is relatively flat or slightly raised. Hard texture, difficult to break; powdery or horn-like when broken. faint odor, bitter taste. Cut surface is white or off-white and powdery.
Quality RequirementsSuperior medicinal material is thick, strong, and firm, with a white and powdery fractured surface.
PropertiesBitter; slightly cold; slightly toxic.
FunctionsClears heat, resolves toxin, disperses swelling, relieves pain, cools the live, settles fright. Apply to swelling furuncle and carbuncle, throat swelling and pain, toxic snake bites, pain due to falling wound, convulsion.
OriginThe dried rhizome of Paris yunnanensis Franch, or Paris polyphylla Sm. (Liliaceae).