Papermulberry Fruit

Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Shanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Hunan, Hubei.

Small achene is flat spherical or oval, 2mm long, 1.5~2mm wide. Externally orange-red or brownish-red, with reticular wrinkles or granular protrusions, one side with slightly flat or an indented groove, other side with a ridge, base has scars of ovary. Hard texture, with one seed inside; seed coat is reddish-brown; kernel is white, oily. Tasteless.

Superior medicinal material is red, old-seed, and lack of foreign matter.

Sweet; cold.

Supplements the kidney, clears the liver, brightens the eyes, promotes urination. Apply to soreness and weakness of waist and knees, consumptive and bone-steaming, dizziness and blurred vision, corneal opacity, edema and swelling.